http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/403 2026-04-06T15:11:28Z 2026-04-06T15:11:28Z Busolo, Margaret Nanjala Kamara, Margaret Jelimo, Joan http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2541 2026-03-16T08:09:49Z 2025-09-01T00:00:00Z

Causes of Violence in Public Secondary Schools in Kisumu-West Sub- County, Kenya Busolo, Margaret Nanjala; Kamara, Margaret; Jelimo, Joan While global peace is very important for human coexistence, violence at school signifies risks to students’ safety, social well-being, and academic achievement. This often results in long-term consequences. Guided by Social Learning Theory, this study employed the Descriptive Phenomenology design and one of the objectives was to establish the causes of violence in public secondary schools. Using Focus Group Discussions the study captured the lived experiences of learners on violence while oral interviews were used with School Principals, Head Prefects, and Guidance and Counselling teachers. Raw data collected were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analysed and presented thematically with occasional verbatim quotes. The findings revealed that violence manifests in multiple forms, including physical, psychological, sexual, and gender-based violence, with physical violence being the most prevalent. Major contributing factors included the impact of peer pressure, rogue teachers who administered corporal punishment in learner correction practices, impact of family on socialization, violence and economic gap, alcoholism, drug and substance abuse, and the challenges of technological impact. Gender disparities were also evident, influencing how learners experienced violence. The study further established that school violence undermines healthy learner socialization by fostering low self-esteem, strained peer relationships, absenteeism, school dropouts, and mental health issues, all of which negatively affect academic performance. The study concludes that addressing violence in schools requires a multifaceted approach, including creating inclusive safe and confidential solutions, mechanisms, strengthening guidance and counselling departments and supporting appropriate and adequate integration of new student into school environment to mitigate violence and support broader societal objectives of peace, cohesion, and security.

2025-09-01T00:00:00Z Wafukho, Geoffrey Khisa Kafu, Patrick A. Murunga, Felicity http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1693 2022-11-07T08:53:27Z 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z

Content Knowledge Investigation of Youth Education in the Traditional Bukusu Community of Western Region, Kenya Wafukho, Geoffrey Khisa; Kafu, Patrick A.; Murunga, Felicity Abstract: The study in Bungoma County investigated the content knowledge of youth education of the traditional Bukusu community of Western Kenya (1844-2019) using a phenomenological research design. Theoretical framework used was phenomenological theory. Respondents were selected by purposive sampling and snowballing sampling procedures from the Bukusu council of elders, the Bukusu community traditional educators, leaders of culture council of the traditional Bukusu community and the Bukusu community traditional circumcisers. The research tools were oral interviews and participant observation. The sample size of 72 respondents consisted of 20 Bukusu council elders, 21 elders of culture council of Bukusu, 02 Bukusu community traditional educators and 29 Bukusu community traditional circumcisers. Credibility of instruments was done by triangulation. Reliability of data collection tools was done by dependability. Data was analysed by inductive analysis. Results of data analysis were presented in a descriptive form and in the form of tables, frequency counts and percentages. The study recommends a compulsory teaching of multiple courses to students to help reduce high levels of unemployment in Kenya. It is hoped that the findings of this research would trigger more studies in African traditional education. The study has preserved a section of the Bukusu community traditional customs.

2022-06-01T00:00:00Z