http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/281 Sun, 17 May 2026 01:35:12 GMT 2026-05-17T01:35:12Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2681 SUPPLY CHAIN COST OPTIMIZATION, INFORMATION SHARING AND COMPETITIVENESS OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA KIPTOO, RACHEL JEROTICH The food and beverage processing sector in Kenya are vital to the national economy due to its role in job creation and its contribution to GDP. However, its competitiveness has faced challenges stemming from high operational costs and inefficient supply chain processes. This study examined the moderating effect of information sharing on the relationship between supply chain cost optimization and the competitiveness of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Specifically, the study investigated how inventory management, strategic sourcing, adoption of technology, and logistics costs influence firm competitiveness, and how information sharing moderates these relationships. The study was guided by the Resource-Based View Theory, Lean Manufacturing Theory and Information Sharing Theory. An explanatory research design was adopted, targeting 924 departmental staff across 22 food and beverage firms. A sample of 279 respondents was selected using Yamane’s formula and simple random sampling employed. Data was collected through structured, closed-ended questionnaires, and a pilot study in Nakuru County was conducted to validate the research instrument. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, incorporating both descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and hierarchical regression analyses. Findings revealed that inventory management (β1 = 0.152, p = 0.004), strategic sourcing (β2 = 0.173, p = 0.001), adoption of technology (β3 = 0.232, p = 0.001), and logistics cost (β4 = 0.300, p = 0.000) significantly and positively influenced competitiveness. Furthermore, information sharing significantly moderated the relationships between inventory management (β = -0.103, p = 0.002), strategic sourcing (β = 0.059, p = 0.010), technology adoption (β = 0.087, p = 0.009), and logistics cost (β = -0.182, p = 0.002) and competitiveness. The study concluded that effective supply chain practices, enhanced by robust information sharing mechanisms, play a critical role in strengthening firm competitiveness. The study recommends that food and beverage firms adopt modern inventory systems, invest in advanced technologies with adequate employee training, foster long-term supplier relationships, and optimize logistics through lean practices. Importantly, firms should institutionalize information sharing to enhance coordination, responsiveness, and strategic alignment across supply chain functions, ultimately boosting competitiveness and performance. The study's findings would be valuable to food and beverage manufacturing firms by informing managers on optimizing limited resources for competitive advantage through supply chain cost efficiency, guiding the Ministry of Trade in policy formulation within Kenyan borders, and contributing to the broader academic discourse in supply chain management. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2681 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2679 FINANCIAL INCLUSION, COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY JEPCHIRCHIR, VALLARY Organizational performance in Kenya continues to face challenges, as evidenced by a consistent decline in return on investment. For example, the Return on Assets (ROA) in the Kenyan banking sector dropped from 3.2% in 2022 to 2.8% in 2023, reflecting reduced profitability. The purpose of the study was to investigate the financial inclusion and organizational performance of selected commercial banks in Uasin Gishu County. The study was guided by four specific objectives; to investigate the influence of financial literacy, technology adoption, lending practices, and income levels on organizational performance of selected commercial bank, and a moderator to determine the influence of competitive landscape on the relationship between financial inclusion and organizational performance of selected commercial banks. This study was guided by the following theories; the systems theory of financial inclusion, organizational performance theory, and competitive/market landscape theory. The study adopted explanatory research design. The study targeted 748 employees. This study employed a stratified random sampling to select a sample of 261 respondents determined by Yamane formula. The study used questionnaires as the data collection tool. The study tested for reliability and validity and pilot study carried out in Nakuru County. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the effect of financial inclusion on organizational performance whereas hierarchical multiple regression was adopted to test for the moderating effect. Results showed that a positive and significant effect of financial literacy (β = 0.289, p < 0.001), technology adoption (β = 0.161, p = 0.004), lending practices (β = 0.325, p < 0.001) and income levels (β = 0.122, p = 0.029) on bank performance. Hierarchical regression showed that competitive landscape significantly moderates the relationship between financial literacy and organization performance (β = 0.56, p < 0.05, R2Δ = 0.11), relationship between lending practices and the organizational performance of commercial banks (β = 0.53, p < 0.05, R2Δ = 0.08), and relationship between income levels and the organizational performance of commercial (β = 0.37, p < 0.05, R2Δ = 0.030). However, findings indicated that the competitive landscape does not significantly increase the explained variance of technology adoption on bank performance (β = 0.33, p > 0.05, R2Δ = 0.000). In conclusion, the study asserts that financial literacy, technology adoption, lending practices, and income levels are essential aspects of financial inclusion that significantly enhance organizational performance. Additionally, the competitive landscape plays a crucial role in shaping this relationship. Based on these findings, the study recommends that regulators implement standardized financial literacy programs to empower consumers. It is also essential to encourage the adoption of technological tools, ensuring the availability of user-friendly mobile and online banking platforms. Furthermore, banks should develop clear communication strategies that clearly outline lending processes and conditions. Conducting thorough market research to understand the diverse financial needs of various income segments is vital for creating suitable financial products, such as affordable loans and savings plans. Finally, banks should regularly perform competitive analysis to remain informed about market trends and competitor strategies, which can help them effectively, navigate the evolving financial landscape. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2679 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2640 MODERATING EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERACY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN NANDI COUNTY, KENYA. KEMBOI, PHILIPH KIMUTAI Small and Medium Enterprises sector is a key driver of Kenyan economy as it contributes to the Gross Domestic Product and creates 80% of employment. However, most new businesses end up failing within their early years of operations because of their dismal financial performance. The main aim of the study is to examine the moderating effect of financial literacy on the relationship between organizational culture and financial performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Nandi County, Kenya. The specific objectives are to determine the effects of clan, hierarchy, adhocracy and market cultures on financial performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Nandi County, Kenya. Furthermore, the study examines the moderating effect of financial literacy on the relationship between clan, adhocracy, market, hierarchy cultures and financial performance of Small and Medium Enterprises. Resource Based View, Dual process and Agency Theories guided the study. The study utilized explanatory research design and cluster sampling technique to collect data from a sample size of 376 Small and Medium Enterprises obtained by use of Yamane formula from a target population of 6347 registered Small and Medium Enterprises in Nandi County, Kenya. Primary data was collected using self-administered closed- ended questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to test reliability and factor analysis to test the validity of research instruments. Data was analyzed through SPSS Version 23. Correlation and hierarchical regression analysis was used to ascertain the strength and direction of relationships between variables. The study findings indicated that Clan culture (β= 0.322, p=0.000), Adhocracy culture (β = 0.255, p=0.000), Market culture (β=0.140, p=0.012) and Hierarchy culture (β = 0.200, p = 0.000) had a positive and significant direct effect on financial performance. Results of the control variables indicate that firm age (β=.136, P = .045) significantly influences financial performance while firm size (β=.012, P=.898) does not. These control variables explain 1.2% of the variance in financial performance (R2 of .012 and ∆R 2 = 0.12). Additionally, the findings of the study revealed that financial literacy moderates the relationship between clan culture, (β = -0.157, p = 0.000, R2 = 0.618, ∆R2 = 0.032), adhocracy culture (β = 0.156, p = 0.011, R 2 = 0.625, ∆R2 = 0.007), hierarchy culture and financial performance (β = -0.186, p = 0.026, R2 = 0.631, ∆R2 = 0.006). Findings further revealed that Financial Literacy does not moderate the link between market culture and SME’s performance (β = -0.029, p = 0.688, R 2 = 0.625, ∆R2 = 0.000). ∆R2 indicates the variance in financial performance that moderation process accounts for. The study provides new knowledge to the literature that financial literacy moderates the relationship between clan culture and financial performance, adhocracy culture and financial performance, and lastly, hierarchy culture and financial performance. The findings help the owners/managers in developing strategies to cultivate financial literacy and supportive culture, policy makers to formulate policies to enhance financial literacy, manage culture to achieve sustainable improvement in financial performance of SMEs. Further study should be undertaken using longitudinal research so as to allow researchers to look at changes over time in regards to organizational culture. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2640 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2638 MODERATING EFFECT OF DIGITAL FINANCE SERVICE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED SMEs IN ELDORET CITY, KENYA. JEPLETING, GLADYS Financial performance refers to the measure of how well a company is using its assets to generate revenue, profit, firm credibility, and value for shareholders and its ability to pay off debts. Challenges affecting SMEs financial performance include poor financial management, lack of technological skills and enough resources. As a result, it was necessary to investigate the moderating effect of digital finance service on the relationship between financial management practices and financial performance of selected SMES in Eldoret city, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the effect of cash flow management, budget planning, investment decision and digital financial services on financial performance of selected SMEs. In addition, the study sought to examine the moderating effect of digital financial services on the relationship between; cash flow management, budget planning, investment decision and financial performance of selected SMEs. The research was guided by the priority- based budgeting theory, modern portfolio theory and resource-based theory. The study utilized explanatory research design. Target population was 1236. Simple random sampling techniques was utilized to collect data from 302 selected SMEs using self- administered questionnaires. Cronbach alpha was applied to test reliability while factor analysis was applied to test construct validity. Hierarchical regression analysis was employed to examine direct and moderating effects, with firm age and firm size controlled as covariates. The findings indicate that firm age has a statistically significant positive effect on financial performance (β=0.282, p=0.022), whereas firm size does not (β=0.070, p=0.149) affirming the need to control these variables. The study revealed that cash flow management (β=0.237, p=0.000), budget planning (β=0.364, p=0.000), and investment decision (β=0.366, p=0.000) positively influence financial performance, collectively accounting for 71% of the variance (R2=0.742, ∆R2=0.713, p≤0.05). The study further examined the direct effect of digital finance services on financial performance, with results showing a positive and significant influence (β=0.137, p=0.007), contributing an additional 1% variance (∆R2=0.007) to the model. However, digital finance services did not moderate the relationship between cash flow management and financial performance (β=0.002, p=0.852), indicating no significant interaction (∆R2=0.000). Conversely, digital finance services significantly moderated the relationship between budget planning and financial performance (β=-0.049, p=0.000, ∆R2=0.016), and between investment decision and financial performance (β=0.035, p=0.042, ∆R2=0.003), resulting in a combined explained variance of 80% in financial performance (R2=0.798). The study provides valuable insights for SME managers, policymakers, and financial institutions, emphasizing the importance of targeted digital finance tools to optimize financial management practices and support SME growth. SMEs owners or managers should assess and adopt digital finance solutions that align with their financial management practices. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2638 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2633 INFLUENCE OF E-LOGISTICS ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS, IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA. MODERATED BY ELECTRONIC RESOURCE PLANNING CHEPKEMOI, CLARA Supply chain performance is crucial for businesses to increase efficiency, reduce expenses, and meet changing client needs in a competitive environment. However, manufacturing firms in Kenya face challenges such as competition, high production costs, and untimely product availability. This study aimed to examine the moderating influence of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) on the relationship between e- logistics and supply chain performance of manufacturing firms in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Specific objectives were to assess the influence of electronic order processing, transportation management, automated warehousing, inventory management, and enterprise resource planning systems on supply chain performance. The study further assessed the moderating influence of enterprise resource planning on the relationship between electronic order processing, transportation management, automated warehousing, inventory management systems, and supply chain performance of these firms. The study was guided by Resource-Based, Innovation, and Transaction Cost Theories. Explanatory research design and a census approach were adopted in collecting data using a closed-ended questionnaire from 270 Heads of 9 Departments closely linked to the study variables in 30 manufacturing firms. Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis were used to assess reliability and construct validity. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with a hierarchical regression model used to test all the study hypotheses. Results indicate that firm age (β=0.190, p = 0.021) significantly influences supply chain performance while firm size (β=0.101, p=0.223) does not. These control variables explain 4.8% of the variance in supply chain performance, as shown by an R2 of 0.048. Findings further revealed that electronic order processing system (β1=0.316, p=0.001), transportation management system (β2=0.167, p=0.011), automated warehousing systems (β3=0.217, p=0.008), and inventory management system (β4=0.232, p=0.001) significantly influence supply chain performance. These variables explain 56.6% of the variance in supply chain performance (R2 = 0.566 inclusive of the controls) and 51.8% (∆R2 = 518 exclusive of the controls). Results further indicate that ERP (β=0.094, p=0.010), influences supply chain performance. It explains 1.2% of the variation in supply chain performance (∆R2 =0.12). Furthermore, ERP was found to moderate the relationship between electronic order processing system (β=0.100, p=0.000), transportation management system (β=0.054, p=0.012), inventory management system (β=-0.120, p=0.002), and does not moderate the link between automated warehousing system and supply chain performance (β=-0.013, p=0.701). The entire Hierarchical model accounts for 64.5% (R2 = 0.645) of the variance in supply chain performance, much more than the direct effect model, which explains 56.6% (R2 = 0.566). The study concludes that electronic order processing, transport management, automated warehousing, inventory management systems, and ERP influence supply chain performance. ERP moderates the link between electronic order processing, transport management, inventory management systems, and supply chain performance, but does not moderate automated warehousing systems and supply chain performance. This study contributes to knowledge by examining the interaction of ERP and study variables. Future scholars will benefit from the study's findings as they conduct new research in e-logistics and supply chains in various industries. The policymakers and management may use the results to develop policies and strategies for investing in e-logistics and ERP, as these enhance efficiency in supply chain performance. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2633 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2619 MODERATING EFFECT OF SELF-CONTROL ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL LITERACY AND RETIREMENT PLANNING AMONG COMMERCIAL BANK EMPLOYEES IN ELDORET CITY, KENYA CHESEREK, GLADYS Retirement planning, defined as a goal-oriented behavior where individuals devote effort to prepare for their retirement life, can effectively reduce retirement worry, keep stress under wraps, and enhance retirement preparedness and confidence. However, there is little literature about retirement planning among employees working in Kenyan Commercial banks. To fill this gap, this study aimed to establish the moderating effect of self-control on the relationship between financial literacy and retirement planning among commercial bank employees in Kenya. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to assess the effect of financial knowledge, financial behavior, financial attitude, and self-control on retirement planning among commercial bank employees in Eldoret City, Kenya. In addition, the study examined the moderating effect of self-control on the relationship between financial knowledge, financial behavior, financial attitude, and retirement planning. This study was guided by goal- setting theory, social cognitive theory, and behavioral life cycle theory. The study adopted an explanatory research design, with data being collected from a target population of 1058 employees of 32 commercial banks in Eldoret town. A sample size of 290 respondents was obtained using Yamane’s formula. The study used systematic sampling techniques to select employees as respondents. Data was collected using a structured, closed-ended questionnaire. The researcher ensured the reliability of the research instrument through a pilot study and further confirmed it with Cronbach's alpha, which was above the score of 0.7. Construct validity was assessed using factor analysis, while content validity was assessed by having supervisors and experts in the field review the test items to make sure they were relevant and representative of the content that was being measured. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 25, with study hypotheses tested through a hierarchical regression model. It was found that Financial Knowledge had a significant positive impact on retirement planning (β = 0.402, p < 0.05), confirming that employees with better financial knowledge are more likely to plan effectively for retirement. Financial Behavior also showed a positive and significant influence on retirement planning (β = 0.182, p < 0.05), indicating that prudent financial actions enhance retirement preparedness. Financial Attitude similarly exhibited a significant positive effect on retirement planning (β = 0.267, p < 0.05). Self- control not only directly impacted retirement planning (β = 0.174, p < 0.05) but also moderated the relationship between financial knowledge (β = 0.120, p < 0.05), financial behavior (β = 0.099, p < 0.05), financial attitude (β = -0.047, p < 0.05), and retirement planning. The study concludes that self-control moderates the relationship between financial knowledge, financial behavior, financial attitude, and retirement planning among commercial bank employees in Eldoret City, Kenya. The results of this study can be used by practitioners and policymakers in developing strategies and formulating policies for retirement systems in the workplace. The findings contribute knowledge to the literature and theory related to financial literacy, self-control, and retirement planning. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2619 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2464 Effects of Budget Planning on Financial Performance of Selected SMEs in Eldoret Town, Kenya Moderated by Digital Finance Services Jepleting, Gladys,; Tarus, John; Shitote, Zachariah The study intention was to investigate effects of budget planning on financial performance of selected SMEs in Eldoret town, Kenya, moderated by digital financial services. Specific objectives of the study were to examine the influence of budget planning on financial performance and effect of digital financial services on financial performance. The study was designed to assess the moderating role of digital financial services on the relationship between budget planning and financial performance of selected SMEs. The research was guided by the Priority-Based Budgeting Theory and Resource Based Theory. The study utilized explanatory research design and descriptive research design. Simple random sampling techniques in collecting data from 302 selected SMEs using structured questionnaires. Cronbach alpha was applied to test reliability while Factor analysis was applied to test validity. Using SPSS version 23 hierarchical regression model was employed in data analysis and testing of the hypotheses. The results reveal that digital finance services had significantly positive relationship between budget planning and financial performance. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2464 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2461 Influence of Green Product Selection Practice on Organizational Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Nairobi County Mutai, Diana; Keitany, Pauline; Bartocho, Evaline Manufacturing firms in Nairobi County would operate with a strong organizational performance achieving high productivity, efficiency, profitability, and quality standards through green product selection practices. A strong organizational culture supports these practices, fostering employee engagement, innovation, and environmental sustainability. However, the sector faces challenges such as limited technical efficiency, declining GDP contribution, and reduced market share. Despite contributing 17.30% of total tax revenue, the sector's technical efficiency is lower. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to establish the influence of green product selection practice on organizational performance of manufacturing firms in Nairobi County. This study was guided by Ecological Modernization theory. This study utilized an explanatory research design. The study targeted 554 procurement managers of all manufacturing companies in Nairobi County. The researcher obtained sample size of 232 respondents using Yamane formulae. The study used stratified random sampling technique to select respondents from manufacturing companies. These research study used structured questionnaires to collect data. Pre-testing of research instruments was achieved through pilot study in manufacturing companies in Nakuru County which have similar characteristics as manufacturing companies in Nairobi County. This assisted in testing for reliability and validity of the research instruments. Collected data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive statistics included frequency, means, minimum, maximum and standard deviation. Inferential statistics included correlation and regressions models. The study findings revealed that green product selection practice (β1=0.165, p=0.002) had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance of manufacturing firms in Nairobi County. The study concluded that integrating green product selection, enhances manufacturing firms’ performance, cost-effectiveness, and market competitiveness while advancing their environmental and social responsibilities. The study recommends that firms develop a strong sustainability-focused culture, integrate green product, engage with environmental policies and certifications to maximize sustainability performance. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2461 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2459 The Moderating Influence of Enterprise Resource Planning on the Relationship between Electronic Order Processing Systems and Supply Chain Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya Chepkemoi, Clara; Keitany, Pauline; Shitote, Zachariah Kenyan manufacturing firms face challenges in supply chain performance, including fierce competition, high production costs, and delayed product availability, requiring improved efficiency and cost-cutting strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of enterprise resource planning on the relationship between electronic order processing system and supply chain performance among manufacturing firms in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study utilized resource-based theory, explanatory research design, a census approach, and a closed ended questionnaire to collect data from 270 heads of 9 departments in 30 manufacturing firms in Uasin Gishu County. A hierarchical regression model was used to test all the study hypotheses. Results of the control variables indicate that firm age (β=.190, P = .021) significantly influences supply chain performance while firm size (β=.101, P=.223) does not. These control variables explain 4.8% of the variance in supply chain performance (R2 of .048). Furthermore, the electronic order processing system (β=.837, P=.000) and enterprise resource planning (β=0.117, P=.003) significantly influence supply chain performance. Finally, enterprise resource planning moderated the link between electronic order processing system and supply chain performance (β=.132, P =.000). This moderation model indicates an improved R2 of .579 and a change in R2 of .083 implying that all the variables in the study account for 57.9% and 8.3% of the variance in supply chain performance. This study contributes to knowledge by examining the interaction of enterprise resource planning and the study variables. The study suggests that manufacturing firms should adopt electronic order processing systems and ERP to enhance supply chain efficiency. In addition, policymakers and managers should develop policies and strategies that encourage investments in these technologies, as they have been found to influence supply chain performance and competitive advantage. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2459 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2453 EFFECT OF RECRUITMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN NYANZA REGION, KENYA Anditi, Philip Duncan; Ngari, Christine; Bartocho, Evaline Employee performance is integral to organizational success, yet public universities in Kenya have faced challenges in achieving satisfactory performance despite implementing human resource management (HRM) practices. This study aimed to investigate the effect of recruitment practices on employee performance in public universities in Nyanza region, Kenya. The target population comprised of 3,129 individuals, and the sample size of 355 teaching and non-teaching staff were determined using the Yamane formula, employing random sampling techniques for data collection. A structured questionnaire was utilized as the primary data collection tool in a quantitative research design. Cronbach's alpha was calculated for each scale in the questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS version 23. To ensure reliability, the results were as follows: recruitment practices have a significant positive effect on employee performance ((β = 0.165, p<0.05). The study concluded that recruitment practices have a significant positive effect on employee performance. The study recommended that hiring decisions in universities should always be made on the basis of a person’s potential to do a job. The study recommended that hiring decisions in universities should be made on the basis of a person’s potential to do a job. The recruitment process should continue to be done in a transparent manner and the recruitment processes in the universities should keep on being improved to enhance employee satisfaction. The employee selection process should always be done in an ethical manner and in a manner that is fai Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://41.89.164.27:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2453 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z